6 Space Shuttles were built (although only 5 of them spaceworthy): Challenger, Enterprise, Columbia, Discovery, Atlantis & Endeavour.
The mid-deck contained the airlock, which could support two astronauts on an On the first four Shuttle missions, astronauts wore modified U.S. Air Force high-altitude full-pressure suits, which included a full-pressure helmet during ascent and descent. 4 of them are still around, in various museums. After they established the need for a reusable, heavy-lift spacecraft, NASA and the Air Force determined the design requirements of their respective services. Early in the Space Shuttle program, NASA flew with payload specialists, who were typically systems specialists who worked for the company paying for the payload's deployment or operations. Later that month, Rockwell began converting STA-099 to OV-099, later named The Space Shuttle was the first operational orbital spacecraft designed for Responsibility for the Shuttle components was spread among multiple NASA field centers. RS-25 upgrade versions were denoted as Block I and Block II. This sentence is: "A Colombian Enterprise to Endeavor for the Discovery of Atlantis and all Challengers shall be destroyed." The on-orbit operations, such as experiments, payload deployment, and EVAs, were conducted primarily by the mission specialists who were specifically trained for their intended missions and systems. The ET separated from the orbiter vehicle 18 seconds after engine cutoff, and could be triggered automatically or manually. The plot of the 1979 In this case, the number of successes is determined by the number of successful Space Shuttle missions. The RMS was built by the Canadian company The Spacelab module was a European-funded pressurized laboratory that was carried within the payload bay and allowed for scientific research while in orbit. From the fifth flight, The flight deck was the top level of the crew compartment, and contained the flight controls for the orbiter.
Teams wearing self-contained breathing gear tested for presence of The overall NASA budget of the Space Shuttle program has been estimated to be $221 billion (in 2012 dollars).The partial reusability of the Space Shuttle was one of the primary design requirements during its initial development.The Space Shuttle retirement was announced in January 2004.Following each orbiter's final flight, it was processed to make it safe for display. Whether awaiting liftoff from Kennedy Space Center's launch pads or undergoing space-age upgrades, NASA's space shuttle orbiters were majestic in appearance, intricate in design, and advanced in the possibilities they offered mankind in the exploration of our universe. During the 1950s, the United States Air Force proposed using a reusable piloted glider to perform military operations such as reconnaissance, satellite attack, and air-to-ground weapons employment. Astronauts entered the Spacelab module through a 2.7 m (8.72 ft) or 5.8 m (18.88 ft) tunnel that connected to the airlock. The ET was 47 m (153.8 ft) tall and 8.4 m (27.6 ft) in diameter, and contained separate tanks for liquid oxygen (LOX) and liquid hydrogen (LHThe ET provided propellant to the Space Shuttle Main Engines from liftoff until main engine cutoff. The landing gear was deployed 10In addition to the pre-planned landing airfields, there were 85 agreed-upon After the landing, ground crews approached the orbiter to conduct safety checks. Two built-in holds at T−20 minutes and T−9 minutes provided scheduled breaks to address any issues and additional preparation.Early missions used two firings of the OMS to achieve orbit; the first firing raised the apogee while the second circularized the orbit.
Following the Approximately four hours prior to deorbit, the crew began preparing the orbiter vehicle for reentry by closing the payload doors, radiating excess heat, and retracting the KuThe approach and landing phase began when the orbiter vehicle was at an altitude of 3,000 m (10,000 ft) and traveling at 150 m/s (300 kn). Missions after The type of mission that the Space Shuttle was assigned to dictated the type of orbit that it entered. The ET was the only major component of the Space Shuttle system that was not reused, and it would travel along a ballistic trajectory into the Indian or Pacific Ocean.The Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB) provided 71.4% of the Space Shuttle's thrust during liftoff and ascent, and were the largest The rocket motors were each filled with a total 500,000 kg (1,106,640 lb) of solid rocket propellant, and joined together in the The SRBs underwent several redesigns throughout the program's lifetime.
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