This allowed the cavalry to begin its own advance. The Battle of Megiddo was fought September 19 to October 1, 1918, during World War I (1914-1918) and was a decisive Allied victory in Palestine. The Ottoman Eighth Army had ceased to function as an organised force. Sweeping through the region, they took thousands of prisoners, and also secured Nazareth, Haifa, and Samakh. The campaign against them took place in the unforgiving climate of the Western Desert. Discover the diverse range of soldiers who contributed to the British First World War effort in Palestine. Supported by British infantry and accurate artillery support, a daring charge by the Australian Light Horse at Beersheba stunned the Ottoman defenders. General Allenby and the soldiers of the EEF had achieved a stunning and comprehensive victory over their old enemy. For much of 1916-17 he commanded Ottoman defences in the Caucasus to great effect. Two days after the main offensive began, the Anzac Mounted Division was ordered to attack. Waves of British and Indian infantrymen followed closely behind this surprise bombardment. The pursuit continued throughout October. 11,000 of them were east of the Jordan Valley, and were effectively out of the battle. This site is produced by the Research and Publishing Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Allenby must take much of the credit for this, emerging as one of the more imaginative generals of the war. Lawrence, cut the railways north, south and west from Deraa. Arab rebels attacked Ottoman lines of communication, while British and Indian divisions battered their armies. The Turks lost control of Damascus on 30 September. Meanwhile the cavalry advance achieved all of its objectives. He successfully pioneered the combined use of infantry, cavalry and aeroplanes at the Battle of Megiddo. Meanwhile, the build-up of EEF forces in the coastal sector was hidden as much as possible. We have 19 biographies, 40 articles, related to Palestine campaign. The battles raged throughout the night and into the next day, allowing 21 Corps to begin outflanking the 8th Army. Allenby intended to use his infantry to break through the Ottoman front line. He was also tactically astute in the deployment of his infantry and artillery. The result was the complete opposite of the two raids earlier in the year. Be the first to hear about our latest events, exhibitions and offers. On 20 September the mounted troops made even more dramatic gains, seizing important road and rail junctions such as El Afule and Jenin and natural chokepoints such as the Musmus Pass, blocking the escape to the north of the Ottoman forces west of the River Jordan. By the end of the second day the Turkish Eighth Army had been destroyed and the Seventh Army was in serious danger. Success there led General Sir Archibald Murray to press the advantage by invading Palestine. The approach of the British cavalry was the first warning Liman von Sanders received of the scale of the Turkish defeat. This convinced the Turks that the British attack was going to come along the line of the Jordan. The next day the Seventh Army also collapsed under the relentless pressure of the Allied advance. XX corps was given the job of advancing along the hills towards Nablus to block the best passes down into the valley. Allied aircraft caught the Turkish column just east of Nablus, where the road passed through a gorge. By the summer of 1918 the Ottoman Army was on the defensive. Few British soldiers have a greater legend attached to them than Colonel TE Lawrence - better known as Lawrence of Arabia. During the First World War, the British position in Egypt was threatened by rebellious Senussi Bedouin tribesmen. This attack broke the deadlock, led to Gaza's capture and opened the road to Jerusalem. But by the time he was called to Palestine, the campaign there was already unravelling. That would allow them to captured El Afule and Beisan, blocking the retreat of the Turkish Eighth and Seventh Armies. Middle East Allenby had the services of six Royal Air Force (RAF) squadrons and one Australian Flying Corps (AFC) squadron. Fires were lit at night in vacated camps, fake horse lines (complete with rows of dummy horses) were maintained, and the number of patrols was increased. He commanded the joint German-Ottoman forces in Mesopotamia. The Turkish armies were trapped. General Sir Edmund Allenby led the British Empire to victory in the Middle East in 1918. While the British attempted to find his headquarters, he made his escape back towards Tiberias. Meet the NZHistory team. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. Home On the morning of 1 October, the most advanced unit, the 3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade, entered Damascus in pursuit of fleeing Ottoman troops. The immediate aim was to drive the Ottoman Turks out of Palestine and destroy the Ottoman Eighth and Seventh armies. The battle was subdivided by the British Battles Nomenclature Committee into the battles of Sharon, on the coast, and of Nablus, in the Judean Hills, either of which name makes rather more sense the Megiddo.
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